RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
A1 Faber, J.
A1 Novák, M.
T1 
JF Cognitive Remediation Journal
YR 2012
VO 1
IS 1
SP 6
OP 24
DO 10.5507/crj.2012.001
UL https://cognitive-remediation-journal.com/artkey/crj-201201-0001.php
AB The thalamus, a large subcortical nucleus constitutes rhytmic thalamic generators (RTG), wher end nerve fibres from sensory organs (eye, ear, skin, muscles, smell, taste). The RTG nerve cells (neurons) send out fibres to the brain cortex. Nerve impulses reverberate between the RTG and the cortex unceasingly, i.e. in vigilance (waking) and in sleep, all through our life, in what is known as the thalamocortical reverberation system (TCRS). In the brain's electric activity recorded from the cranial surface (EEG) this cyclic activity takes the form of frequences of 1 - 30 Hz. The alpha frequency (8 - 13 Hz), typical of vigilance, mostly appears in the form of undamped oscillations which immediately change into damped oscillations. That is what gives the alpha rhythm its spindle-like (fusiform) shape. One alpha wave lasts about one tenth of a second, consistent with one cycle in the TCRS, in which tens of billions of neurons and hundreds of billions of their impulses are involved. That is why we presume - as shown in our previous works - the presence of not only periodic but also stochastic processes.One alpha spindle (AL) lasts roughly one second, corresponding to reiterated exchange of impulses (information) in the TCRS. This is rather like iteration with convergence to) the target solution of a task (problem) in the descending portion of the alpha spindle (ALDE). The ascending portion of the alpha spindle (ALAS) might correspond to the mechanisms of MIA (multilayered iterative algorithm) as described by A.G.Ivakhnenko. In the course of learning with a "teacher", MIA, an inductive artificial neuronal network, takes on new neurons and neuronal layers in keeping with a particular criterion. "Redundant" neurons are excluded in subsequent selection for the neuronal population to approach the task solution, i.e. from the mathematical point of view the convergence to global minimum (or attractor) and from psychological point of view to problem solution or to abstraction, creation of notio, epistémé, sémém.It appers that - using Gabor's frequency filtration (GF), local coherence function (LCF) and Poincaré's analysis (PA) - we have come closer to our hypothesis of a dual type of iteration: MIA in ALAS and "common" iteration in ALDE.24 persons were examined during EEG recording and simultaneous psychotesting. For our purposes we made use of sections in relaxation and during the addition of two-digit numbers, both with the eyes closed. The results showed quite an amount of interindividual differences. However, there was a preponderance of higher values of alpha energy in GF and lower values of coherence (LCF) in ALAS over those values in ALDE. PA demonstrate cyclic feature of alpha spindle during ALAS and ALDE during relaxation and contrary noncyclic one during psychic activity. This shows the alpha spindle asymmetry, i.e., greater and more complex recruitment of alpha in ALAS. The method may well prove useful as a supplement of tests for attention or for personality.